When it comes to Indica and Sativa strains of cannabis, there are some distinct differences that you should know. It’s important to recognise these differences as they can have a huge impact on your experience and health when it comes to consuming cannabis.

But first, what exactly are Indica and Sativa strains? Learn more about the strains and their differences below.

What are Indica Strains?

Indica strains are a type of cannabis known to be a bit more sedative and calming. Indicas originated from the Hindu Kush mountain range in Afghanistan and Pakistan. They are mostly used in the evening or night time and offer a more relaxing and sleepy effect.

Indica strains tend to be shorter in stature than Sativa, with wide leaves and dense buds. Though Indica plants grow slightly faster than their Sativa counterparts, the effects of an Indica strain are typically more pronounced due to their higher THC content. Commonly used for medical purposes, Indicas are known to help with sleep issues, pain relief, stress relief, muscle relaxation, and appetite stimulation.

What are Sativa Strains?

Sativa strains originated from warmer climates such as Mexico and Thailand and offer more energising properties rather than sedation. Their general effects include an uplifting of mood, improved focus and creativity as well as an increase in energy.

Sativa strains of cannabis are the most popular choice for recreational use due to their energising effects that can greatly enhance activities such as socialising or exercising. Sativa are also known for their ability to help with anxiety relief and depression.

What are Hybrid Strains?

Hybrid strains contain characteristics from both Indica and Sativa strains, creating a unique blend of effects that would be difficult to obtain from only one strain type alone. The benefits of hybrid strains depend on which parent strain was used in the hybridization process. For example, a hybrid strain that was created from an energising cannabis Sativa and a relaxing cannabis Indica will likely produce effects of both energizing and calming effects.

Indica Vs. Sativa: The Key Differences

There are several noteworthy key differences when it comes to Indica and Sativa cannabis strains. They can be divided into the following properties listed below.

Effects

The effects of Indica and Sativa cannabis strains differ greatly, as Indica strains tend to produce more of a “body high” whereas Sativa strains are known for producing an uplifting and energising effect. As a result, the strains are usually used for different purposes - that is, Indica strains are often used in the evening to help one relax and unwind, while Sativa is typically smoked during the day as it can induce creativity and productivity.

Appearance

The physical appearance of Indica and Sativa cannabis plants also differ significantly, with Indica plants being short, wide-leafed, bushy, and dark green. Sativa on the other hand are tall thin plants with light green leaves. Indicas tend to have smaller buds than their Sativa counterparts as well. These differences in appearance are due to the different climates each strain evolved in.

Chemical Profile

The chemical profile of Indica and Sativa strains also differ greatly. Indica strains usually contain higher levels of CBD (cannabidiol) which provides users with a more sedative experience, while Sativa strains contain higher levels of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) which is known for its energising effects. It is important to understand the chemical profile differences of the two strains as they can cause more intense effects when consumed.

Aroma

The aroma of Indica strains often has an earthy or skunky smell while the aroma of Sativa strains can range from sweet and fruity to pungent and spicy. Depending on the strain, some hybrids may have a combination of aromas from both parent strains.

Flavour

The flavour of Indica strains also differs from Sativa strains. Indica strains tend to have a sweet, earthy aroma and flavour with notes of pine and wood. They typically produce a much heavier body “high” than a Sativa, which often has hints of citrus and other fruits.

Cultivation

Indica strains usually grow faster than Sativa plants due to their shorter flowering period. Indica plants also require less light than Sativa in order to thrive, making them easier to cultivate indoors. Sativa strains on the other hand, tend to grow taller and have a longer flowering period than Indica plants.

Costs

The cost of Indica and Sativa strains can vary greatly depending on the strain, quality, and availability. Generally, Indica strains tend to be less expensive than Sativa due to their shorter flowering time. On the other hand, rarer Sativa strains may have higher costs due to their limited availability. Additionally, the cost of growing an Indica or Sativa strain indoors can also vary depending on the type of equipment and materials needed.

Potential Medical Benefits

Indica strains are known to have stronger sedative and calming effects, which make them ideal for treating insomnia, anxiety, and pain. Sativa strains typically provide more uplifting and energising effects, making them useful for improving focus and concentration. Additionally, research suggests that a combination of both Indica and Sativa strains can be beneficial in providing relief from certain medical conditions

Overall, there are many differences between Indica and Sativa cannabis strains that should be considered before choosing one over the other. Indica plants tend to be hardier than Sativa with shorter flowering times.

What to Consider When Choosing Between Sativa and Indica

In Australia, a medical professional will help you choose between the two medicinal cannabis strains. However, it doesn’t hurt to know what factors are put to consideration when deciding between medicinal use of the two cannabis strains.

Below are some of the most important factors to consider.

Medical Conditions

Depending on the medical condition, a doctor may prescribe either an Indica or Sativa strain as they have different medicinal effects. Indica is known to help alleviate pain, nausea, and muscle spasms while Sativa can reduce fatigue and elevate moods. Therefore, research into your medical condition will provide insight into which cannabis strain is most suitable for you.

Growing Environment

If you’re looking to grow your own medicinal cannabis plants then it’s important to consider if you have a suitable environment for either an Indica or Sativa strain. Indicas tend to be hardier and require less maintenance than Sativa so this should be taken into consideration when deciding between the two strains of cannabis.

Sativas require more light and humidity than Indicas, as well as a longer flowering time.

Nutrients

No matter which strain of medicinal cannabis you choose to grow, it’s important to provide the plant with adequate nutrients. A balanced nutrient solution is necessary for healthy growth and will help ensure that your plants are able to produce the desired effects when consumed. Different strains may respond differently to various fertilizers so it’s important to research what works best for your specific plants

Harvesting

When cultivating medicinal cannabis, it’s important to know when to harvest in order to get the most out of your yield. Sativa buds typically take longer to mature than Indica buds, but they also have higher yields. For most strains, the harvest window is usually between 8 and 10 weeks after flowering begins. The plants should be trimmed once the trichomes turn amber. Trimming your buds properly can help improve the overall quality of the end product

Curing

Once the plants have been harvested, it’s important to cure them properly in order to get the best flavour and effects from consuming them. Curing is a process that involves storing the buds in airtight containers at room temperature for 4-8 weeks. This helps reduce moisture content while allowing terpenes and other compounds to mature, resulting in a smoother flavour profile and better potency. Properly cured cannabis will also have improved shelf life and can be stored for several months without losing its potency.

Indica Vs. Sativa FAQs

Below we answer some of the most frequently asked questions surrounding Indica and Sativa medicinal cannabis strains.

What are the main differences between Indica and Sativa?

Indica strains tend to be shorter, bushier plants with wide leaves and a flowery aroma. They usually have sedative effects (relaxation, sleepiness, hunger) that are best for night time use. Sativa strains typically have a taller, thinner plant with narrow leaves and a sweet or spicy smell. They often provide uplifting effects (euphoria, creativity, energy) that can help with daytime activities

Can you mix Indica and Sativa strains?

Yes, many cannabis enthusiasts create their own unique blends of Indica and Sativa in order to experience an array of different effects at once. However, in the case of medicinal use, it is best to consult with a qualified professional and to obtain a legal prescription for cannabis use first (as dictated by Australian regulations).

Mixing Indica and Sativa strains can create a balanced blend that offers both sedative effects as well as uplifting effects. This combination may be beneficial for those looking to manage their symptoms without feeling overly sleepy or energised.